CNC lathe is rapidly taking over the manufacturing sector. It is accurate and produces parts that look exactly like the initial design. Furthermore, CNC lathe machines are compatible with many materials and ensure consistency within and across batches. CNC lathes are known to be automated and computer-controlled. However, there are situations where you may want to manually operate this machine.
If you are wondering if CNC lathes can be used manually then you are not alone. It may be necessary to manually operate a CNC lathe for simple machining operations and when prototyping and testing. This article will explain what a CNC lathe is, how to manually use a CNC lathe and industrial applications of manually operated CNC lathes.
What is a CNC Lathe
A CNC lathe is a machine that produces precise and accurate products. It works by mounting the workpiece on a chuck which rotates at a high speed. A nonrotatory cutting tool then removes excess material to produce the desired form. This machine allows you to create parts with oblong and cylindrical shapes. You can also use it for axial symmetrical shapes such as discs and cones.
CNC lathes can either be vertically or horizontally oriented. In a vertical CNC lathe, the spindle is located vertically while the workpiece spins around it. You can use it for short parts with complex geometries. On the other hand, the horizontal CNC lathe has the spindle in a horizontal position. This machine occupies a large space and is ideal for big and long workpieces.
Can a CNC Lathe Be Used Manually
CNC lathes are computer-controlled machines that have been designed to be used automatically. However, it is possible to manually operate CNC lathes. Note that you may not be able to completely bypass the CNC controls and use it the same way as traditional manual lathes. Additionally, you have to understand the capabilities and requirements of the CNC lathe before using it manually.
How to Manually Use a CNC Lathe
It may not be straightforward to use a CNC lathe manually, especially for novices. It involves employing the manual operation modes to control the movement of the axis. Let’s look at a step-by-step guide on how to manually use a CNC lathe
Step 1- Prepare Yourself
Before using this machine manually, it is important to get used to it. Check for the type and the number of axes it can move. Familiarize yourself with the control and assess the buttons controlling feed rate and spindle speed. Furthermore, wear appropriate PPEs to protect yourself from work-related hazards.
Step 2- Setup the Workpiece and Tool
The next step is to clean and prepare the workpiece itself. Make sure the cleaning agent is neutral or alkaline-based to avoid unwanted reactions. After cleaning the workpiece, mount it on the chuck. Use appropriate work-holding fixtures to prevent unnecessary movement and vibrations. Select the right tool and load it on the tool holder.
Step 3- Manual Axis Movement
You then put on the machine and switch to the manual jog mode. This allows you to manually control the spindle and movement of the axes. You can operate the CNC lathe machine without automatic program execution. You choose the axes you want to move to which makes machining faster. Thereafter, set the appropriate spindle speed based on the material you are working with.
Step 4- Feed the Cutting Tool
Once you are ready to machine the part, slowly feed in the cutting tool with hand wheels. You can also use the jog controls. As the tool cuts through, monitor the progress of the operation. If necessary, you can adjust the feed rate and depth of the cut to obtain the perfect cut. Furthermore, you should check for chip formation and use a chip breaker or evaluator if needed.
Step 5- Finish and Inspect
The final step is to finish the part. Trim off excess material using appropriate tooling. Inspect visually for defects and flaws. You can also use hand metrology tools to check for dimensional accuracy before taking the product to market.
Applications of Manually-Operated CNC Lathe
Manually operating a CNC lathe opens many possibilities in machining. It offers flexibility and gives you total control over the turning operation. The following are some applications of manually operated CNC lathes.
Prototyping
Manually operated CNC lathes play a key role in prototyping. Rapid prototyping is an important aspect of product development that allows you to test your ideas and make adjustments. This ensures that the final products that get to the end users meet their needs and requirements. With a manual CNC lathe, you can easily modify early-stage designs. This is crucial when prototyping critical components like drive shafts, turbine blades, and phone casings.
Small-Batch Production
You can also use a manually operated CNC lathe for small-batch production. This operation helps to manufacture low quantities of parts accurately and precisely. It allows you to make adjustments quickly without the stress of reprogramming. Operating a CNC lathe manually is a cost-effective part production method. This is because the software that runs the CNC technology is expensive. This feature makes manually operated CNC lathe ideal for custom manufacturing of medical implants, prosthetics, and bespoke jewelry pieces.
Tool and Die Making
Manually operated CNC lathe also has applications in tool and die making. This machine allows you to create dies, molds, jigs, and fixtures exactly as you want them. These tools most times have complex shapes and must be machined accurately for them to function well. You can control how the cutting tools move to reduce wear and produce precise components. Tools and dies are important aspects of injection molding and metal stamping processes.
Repair and Maintenance
A manually operated CNC lathe is also used for repair operations during routine maintenance. This machine is ideal for creating new surfaces to ensure parts continue to meet tight tolerances. They are versatile and compatible with many types of engineering materials. Furthermore, you can quickly manufacture parts of big industrial machines that need to be replaced. These include pins, fasteners, and bushings.
Conclusion
While CNC lathes control the movement of cutting tools using programming languages, it is possible to manually operate this machine. It involves switching to the manual jog mode and producing the parts by hand. Manually operated CNC lathes simplify turning operations and make it possible to produce parts without stress. It improves flexibility and is important in small-batch production. Do you still have questions and inquiries? Reach out to a reputable CNC lathe service provider to get the answers to all your questions.